SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Perform aerobatic manoeuvres 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
243324  Perform aerobatic manoeuvres 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Aerospace Operations 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 10 - Physical, Mathematical, Computer and Life Sciences Physical Sciences 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 5  Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L5  9 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard will enable learners to improve aeroplane-handling skills by performing aerobatic manoeuvres. Various handling skills are necessary to fly an aircraft; this unit standard focuses on the more advanced handling skills that may eventually lead to competencies such as advanced combat manoeuvres in aeroplanes. Learners will be able to understand the theoretical knowledge that informs aerobatic manoeuvres such as knowledge about the effects of aerobatic manoeuvres on the human body and the principles of flight. This unit standard enables the assessment of the learners understanding and display of airmanship. Learners will have to demonstrate competence in an actual flight where portions of the flight will be dedicated to aerobatic manoeuvres.

A person credited with this unit standard is able to:
  • Explain the influence of aerobatic manoeuvres on the human body.
  • Plan an aerobatic manoeuvre or sequence.
  • Fly aerobatic manoeuvres during an actual flight. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
  • Fly an aircraft NQF Level 5.
  • Demonstrate understanding of the principles of flight.
  • Perform advanced manoeuvres and procedures in an aeroplane. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
  • Assessment of the learner shall be conducted in compliance with Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) or Military Aviation Authority (MAA) Regulations and in accordance with safe flying practice.
  • The aeroplane and its systems shall be operated within the limitations expressed in the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) or Pilot Operating Handbook (POH).
  • Cockpit Resource Management (CRM) is not to be assessed as a stand-alone element. However the outcomes resulting from CRM can be assessed. CRM is integral to flight and flight safety. Procedural elements of CRM are to be assessed throughout the assessment of all outcomes in a holistic and integrated way.
    > Range of procedural elements may include but are not limited to: Use of checklists, crew briefings, radio calls, and callouts.
  • Assessment:

    > Assessments shall be conducted in an aeroplane certified for single pilot operation.
    > Assessments shall be carried out in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC).
  • Competence shall be assessed during actual flight.
  • Tolerances:

    > The assessor shall make allowance for environmental conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the type of aircraft.
    > Under no circumstances shall the aircraft or its occupants be placed in jeopardy.
  • Good airmanship appropriate to the level of the unit standard should be demonstrated for all outcomes. Additional elements of airmanship specific to outcomes are indicated in range statements within assessment criteria. 
    		•

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Explain the influence of aerobatic manoeuvres on the human body. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Sections of the human body which are affected during aerobatic manoeuvres are identified with examples. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Sections of the human body refer to but are not limited to: sinuses, blood circulation and ears.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Changes in physiological conditions when performing aerobatic manoeuvres are explained with examples. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Changes may include but is not limited to effect of G loading (in terms of grey-out, blackout, red-out), air sickness, body's difficulty to equalise/pressure.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Preventative and recovery methods to recover from the effects of aerobatic manoeuvres are explained with examples. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Preventative and recovery methods includes but are not limited to the valsalva manoeuvre, lower body tensing.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The importance of spatial orientation awareness is explained when performing aerobatic manoeuvres. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Plan an aerobatic manoeuvre or sequence. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Types of aerobatic manoeuvres are matched with aeroplane capabilities and limitations. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Types of aerobatic manoeuvres may include but are not limited to loop, stall turn, aileron roll, and spin.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Prohibited aerobatic manoeuvres are identified to ensure compliance with Aircraft Flight Manuals, manufacturers specifications and standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Factors that may influence the planned sequence are identified and analysed for planning the flight. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Factors may refer to but are not limited to: sequence of aerobatics to be performed, determining whether aerobatics may be preformed individually or as a sequence, fuel and weights of aeroplane, external stores and determining the management of energy during a sequence or manoeuvre.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    A flight is planned taking into account the flight objectives. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Standard symbols (Aresti Notation) describing aerobatic manouvres are explained using examples. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Fly aerobatic manoeuvres during an actual flight. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    The aircraft is prepared in order to perform an aerobatic manoeuvre taken into account influencing factors. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Preparation refers to: pre-manoeuvre procedures.
  • Influencing factors may refer to setting up in airspace, geography and meteorology.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Aerobatic manoeuvres are performed in a co-ordinated manner. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION NOTES 
    The learner must perform a minimum of three different individual manoeuvres or a combination of not less than three of the following (including but not limited to): the loop, aileron roll, stall turn and spin. Aircraft flying authorities may request demonstration of competencies in more than three manoeuvres. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Handling skills during aerobatic manoeuvres, are demonstrated in a flight. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Handling skills may refer to the ability to achieve predetermined speeds, remain above minimum altitude, manipulate aircraft loading and maintain geometry of exercise, control input and engine management.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Transition to and from aerobatic manoeuvres during flight is demonstrated within the general flight tolerances. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Transition to and from aerobatic manoeuvres during flight is demonstrated within the general flight tolerances.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The aircraft is recovered from a failed manoeuvre. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Anyone assessing a learner or moderating the assessment of a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA in accordance with the current ETQA regulations.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable the achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider with the relevant ETQA.
  • Other ETQA's who have a Memorandum of Understanding with the relevant ETQA would be responsible for moderation of learner achievements of learners who meet the requirements of this qualification. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
  • Principles of flight:

    > Yawing.
    > Rolling.
    > Pitching.
    > Torque effect.
    > Slip Stream effect.
    > Aircraft loading.
    > Gyroscopic effects.
    > Engine Management and Theories.
  • Standard Operating Procedures.
  • Aviation medicine. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identifying and solving problems in which responses display that responsible decisions using critical and creative thinking have been made when:
  • Planning and performing flights to achieve objectives within the constraints of the aeroplane limitations and regulatory requirements. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Working effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation, and community during:
  • Acting as a sole pilot or a member of a flight crew.
  • Communicating with Air Traffic Service (ATS) and organising the flight in cognisance to other air traffic. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Organising and managing oneself and one's activities responsibly and effectively when:
  • Planning ahead.
  • Complying with applicable legislation.
  • Performing appropriate checks and procedures.
  • Using checklists where appropriate.
  • Exercising command ability and manoeuvring the aeroplane within its limits in order to achieve the desired outcomes. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collecting, analysing, organising and critically evaluating information to better understand and explain:
  • Identifying symptoms of instrument, system and engine malfunctions. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communicating effectively using visual, mathematical and/or language skills in the modes of oral and/or written persuasion when:
  • Radio and cockpit communication is in accordance with standard procedures and phraseology to ensure clarity and brevity of communication is achieved. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Using science and technology effectively and critically, showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others when:
  • Physiological principles are examined.
  • Physical science principles are examined in terns of their effect on aerobatic flying. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    Demonstrating an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation when:
  • A high level of situational awareness is maintained.
  • Airspace restrictions and requirements are adhered to.
  • Safe flying practice is maintained. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
  • The assessor must hold a recognised relevant civil or military flying instructor certification as applicable to the stream of assessment.
  • The assessor must be competent in the outcomes of this unit standard. 
    		•

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    Learners who are not competent in the language proficiency standard for ICAO defined operational English at ICAO level 4 will find it difficult to meet licensing requirements.

    The information contained in this unit standard does not supersede any information contained in manufacturer's instructions or any law.

    Definitions:
  • Airmanship is defined as incorporating the ability to make sound judgements and execution of safe practices.
  • Situational awareness: The perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future. 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Elective  58023   National Diploma: Aircraft Piloting  Level 5  NQF Level 05  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2016-12-31  TETA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.