SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Demonstrate the additional competencies required for conversion to a large aeroplane 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
243282  Demonstrate the additional competencies required for conversion to a large aeroplane 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Aerospace Operations 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 10 - Physical, Mathematical, Computer and Life Sciences Physical Sciences 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 6  Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L6  10 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard is intended for learners who need to demonstrate the additional competencies required to convert from operating small aircraft on short and medium-range flights to large aircraft on long-range flights. This unit standard will benefit learners within the arena of transport piloting. Learners who have achieved this unit standard will increase their opportunities for career development and employability within the Aviation industry.

A person credited with this unit standard is able to:
  • Explain the use of the specialized components and systems utilized in large aircraft.
  • Navigate a large aircraft on a long range flight. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
    The unit standard:
  • Fly an aircraft Level 5.
  • Apply knowledge of the physical environment within the aviation context Level 5. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
  • This unit standard is applicable to large aircraft engaged in short to long range sectors in all weather conditions.
  • Airframe construction and systems utilised in large turbine engine powered civil aeroplanes.
  • Safe practice includes but is not limited to lookout, compliance to rules of the air, local regulations, airmanship, standard operating procedures, aircraft flight manuals
  • Assessment of the learner shall be conducted in compliance with Civil Aviation Authority/Military Aviation Authority Regulations and in accordance with safe flying practice.
  • The aeroplane and its systems shall be operated within the limitations expressed in the Aircraft Flight Manual/Pilot Operating Handbook.
  • The assessment of the learner shall be conducted both with and without the use of automatic flight control systems fitted to the aeroplane provided for the assessment.
  • Competence shall be assessed under actual or simulated conditions with sole reference to instruments except where noted.
  • Take off shall be conducted visually.
  • Landings shall be conducted in meteorological conditions at or above Category 1 minima.
  • Cockpit Resource Management is not to be assessed as a stand-alone element. However, the outcomes resulting from Cockpit Resource Management can be assessed. Cockpit Resource Management is integral to flight and flight safety. Procedural elements of Cockpit Resource Management are to be assessed throughout the assessment of all outcomes in a holistic and integrated way.
    > Range of procedural elements include but are not limited to: Use of checklists, crew briefings, radio calls, and callouts.
  • Airmanship appropriate to the level of the unit standard should be demonstrated for all outcomes. Additional elements of airmanship specific to outcomes are indicated in range statements within assessment criteria.
  • Emergencies:

    > Assessment of the learner in emergency and abnormal operations shall be conducted using simulated emergency and abnormal situations. If a suitable simulator is available, use of the simulator is preferred.
    > Assessment of the learner in simulated emergencies should be terminated at a point where successful outcome can be judged, and safe recovery to normal conditions can be achieved.
    > Under no circumstances must the aircraft or its occupants be placed in jeopardy.
  • Competence shall be assessed in respect of a multi-engine aeroplane, (excluding an aeroplane with centre line thrust) with retractable undercarriage and adjustable flaps, and variable pitch propeller, or turbo-propeller or turbo-jet engines, certified for a minimum crew of two pilots.
  • Tolerances:

    > The assessor shall make allowance for environmental conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the type of aircraft.
    > Assessors should not over emphasize staying within the tolerances at the expense of smooth flying.
    > Full Panel: ± 5 ° heading, ± 5 kts IAS, ± 100 ft altitude.
    > Limited Panel: ± 10 ° heading, ± 10 kts IAS, ± 100 ft altitude.
    > Turns: ± 10 ° after initial correction on roll out, ± 10kts, ± 100 ft, ± 10% of correct time for turn.
    > Aeroplane is balanced to within ¼ of the balance ball.
    > Asymmetric flight. (applicable only to multi-engine aeroplane)
    > Heading ± 5 °, +10/-5 kts IAS, ± 100 ft altitude.
    > Aeroplane is balanced to within ½ of the balance ball.
  • Large aircraft include but is not limited to multi-engine, long-range or intercontinental, high performance and multi-crew aircraft. 
    		•

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Evaluate the use of the specialized components and systems utilized in large aircraft. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Radio aids are compared in terms of their differences from those used in small aircraft operated on short and medium-range flights. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Radio aids include but are not limited to: Long Range Navigation Systems and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Instruments are compared in terms of their differences from those used in small aircraft operated on short and medium-range flights. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Instruments include but are not limited to Air Data Computers (ADC), mach meters, angle of attack indicators and integrated instrumentation.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Large aircraft aerodynamic principles are compared in terms of their differences from those applicable to small and low-speed aircraft. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Aerodynamic principles include but are not limited to transonic and supersonic flight, high-altitude flight, stability and control.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Navigate a large aircraft on a long range flight. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Navigation may be actual or simulated. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Flight plan and progress are plotted on advanced aeronautical charts. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Advanced aeronautical charts include but are not limited to polar stereographic charts, grid navigation charts and transverse Mercator charts.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Navigation requirements are discussed for flights in high-latitude regions. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    A large aircraft is navigated during climb, cruise and descent. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Meteorological knowledge of high-latitude regions is discussed in terms of its influence on flight operations. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Meteorological knowledge includes but is not limited to climatic zones and climatology.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    South African Aviation law and International Civil Aviation Organisation rules and procedures are discussed in terms of their applicability to the operation of large aircraft. 


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Anyone assessing a learner or moderating the assessment of a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA in accordance with the current ETQA regulations.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable the achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider with the relevant ETQA.
  • Other ETQA's who have a Memorandum of Understanding with the relevant ETQA would be responsible for moderation of learner achievements of learners who meet the requirements of this qualification. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
  • Grid navigation.
  • Polar stereographic chart interpretation.
  • Transverse projections.
  • Transoceanic and polar flight.
  • Navigation systems.
  • Ionospheric physics.
  • Supersonic and transonic aerodynamics.
  • Aircraft stability and control.
  • Wind-shear and micro-burst.
  • Wake turbulence.
  • Turbine engine operation.
  • Fuel jettison.
  • Integrated flight management systems. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identifying and solving problems in which responses display that responsible decisions using critical and creative thinking have been made when:
  • Navigating a large aircraft on a long range flight. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Working effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation, and community during:
  • Acting as member of a crew.
  • Communicating with ATS and organising the flight during long range navigation.
  • Establishing and maintaining an open communication environment conducive to good team work. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Organising and managing oneself and one's activities responsibly and effectively when:
  • Planning ahead.
  • Complying with applicable legislation.
  • Performing appropriate checks and procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collecting, analysing, organising and critically evaluating information to better understand and explain:
  • Explain the use of the specialized components and systems utilized in large aircraft.
  • Navigate a large aircraft on a long range flight. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communicating effectively using visual, mathematical and/or language skills in the modes of oral and/or written persuasion when:
  • Radio and cockpit communication is in accordance with standard procedures and phraseology during long range navigation.
  • Establishing and maintaining an open communication environment conducive to good team work. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Using science and technology effectively and critically, showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others when:
  • Navigating a large aircraft on a long range flight within the limitations of the equipment. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
  • The assessor must hold a recognised relevant civil or military flying instructor certification as applicable to the stream of assessment.
  • The assessor must be competent in the outcomes of this unit standard. 
    		•

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    Definitions

    Airmanship:
  • The application of the principles of skill, proficiency and discipline. It includes but is not limited to: knowledge of equipment, knowledge of self, knowledge of the environment, risks associated with flight operations, appropriate situational awareness and judgment.

    Situational Awareness:
  • The perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future.

    Safe practice in flight operations:
  • Means a systematic and proactive process that minimises risks to aviation and the public whilst integrating flight operations, technical systems and resource management.

    Notes:
  • Where the term "Cockpit Resource Management" is used it also means "Crew Resource Management" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "non-normal" is used it also means the term "abnormal" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "Captain" is used it also means "Commander" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "Standard Operating Procedures" are used it also means "Operator Procedures" or "Operating Procedures" or vice versa.
  • The terms "airport" and "aerodrome" and "airfield" are used as synonyms where appropriate.
  • The information contained in this unit standard does not supersede any information contained in manufacturer's instructions or any law.

    Assessment Guidelines:
  • Assessments shall be carried out with the learner acting as pilot flying in all phases of an assessment. The learner shall also demonstrate competence in pilot-not-flying duties.
  • Use of distractions during practical assessment - Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. To strengthen this area of pilot training and evaluation, the assessor shall provide a realistic distraction during the practical test. This will give the assessor a positive opportunity to evaluate the learner's ability to divide attention both inside and outside the cockpit while maintaining safe flight.
  • Assessors must note that Standard Operating Procedures are used as guidance to harmonise and standardise training and a flight operation. Deviation from SOP's or omission of individual items occurs and should be allowed for during assessment if such deviation can be justified. Checklists however, contain critical items and must be followed. Thus deviation from a checklist should only be considered if the nature of an emergency or non-normality dictates such deviation as an appropriate behaviour.

    Abbreviations:
  • ADC: Air Data Computers.
  • ATS: Air Traffic Service.
  • AFM: Aircraft Flight Manual.
  • CAA: Civil Aviation Authority.
  • GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System.
  • CRM: Crew Resource Management. (Cockpit Resource Management)
  • MAA: Military Aviation Authority.
  • POH: Pilot Operating Handbook.
  • SOP's: Standard Operating Procedures. 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Fundamental  58008   National Diploma: Aircraft Piloting  Level 6  NQF Level 06  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2016-12-31  TETA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.