SAQA All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.
SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Perform pre- and post-flight procedures and administration 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
243281  Perform pre- and post-flight procedures and administration 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Aerospace Operations 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 10 - Physical, Mathematical, Computer and Life Sciences Physical Sciences 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 6  Level TBA: Pre-2009 was L6  12 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Reregistered" 		 2018-07-01  2023-06-30  SAQA 06120/18 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2024-06-30   2027-06-30  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard does not replace any other unit standard and is not replaced by any other unit standard. 

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
This unit standard will enable learners to understand and complete pre-and post flight procedures as part of the compulsory administration which precedes and completes a flight. Learners will be able to plan for flights, prepare all role-players, such as passengers, crew and self, for the actual flight and perform inspections that will promote flight safety.

A person credited with this unit standard is able to:
  • Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the aeroplane and its systems.
  • Evaluate and confirm personal readiness for flight.
  • Co-ordinate and plan for flight in a multi-engine aeroplane.
  • Analyse gathered information in order to complete required operational documents.
  • Co-ordinate and perform pre- and post- flight inspection.
  • Co-ordinate crew and passenger and prepare aircraft for planned flight. 
    		•

    LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
  • Communication at NQF Level 4.
  • Physical Science at NQF Level 4.
  • Mathematics at NQF Level 4. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
    The typical scope of this unit standard:
  • Safe practice includes but is not limited to lookout, compliance to rules of the air, local regulations, airmanship, standard operating procedures, aircraft flight manuals.
  • Assessment of the learner shall be conducted in compliance with CAA/MAA Regulations and in accordance with safe flying practice.
  • The aeroplane and its systems shall be operated within the limitations expressed in the AFM/POH.
  • The assessment of the learner shall be conducted both with and without the use of automatic flight control systems fitted to the aeroplane provided for the assessment.
  • Competence shall be assessed under actual or simulated conditions with sole reference to instruments except where noted.
  • Take off shall be conducted visually.
  • Landings shall be conducted in meteorological conditions at or above Category 1 minima.
  • Cockpit Resource Management is not to be assessed as a stand-alone element; however, the outcomes resulting from CRM can be assessed. CRM is integral to flight and flight safety. Procedural elements of CRM are to be assessed throughout the assessment of all outcomes in a holistic and integrated way.
  • Airmanship appropriate to the level of the unit standard should be demonstrated for all outcomes. Additional elements of airmanship specific to outcomes are indicated in range statements within assessment criteria.
  • Emergencies:
    > Assessment of the learner in emergency and non-normal operations shall be conducted using simulated emergency and non-normal situations. If a simulator approved by the regulatory authority is available, use of the simulator is preferred.
    > Assessment of the learner in simulated emergencies should be terminated at a point where successful outcome can be judged, and safe recovery to normal conditions can be achieved.
    > Under no circumstances must the aircraft or its occupants be placed in jeopardy.
  • Competence shall be assessed in a multi-engine aircraft, (excluding an aeroplane with centre line thrust) certified for a crew of at least two pilots. In the case of an aeroplane it shall be fittted with retractable undercarriage and adjustable flaps, and variable pitch propeller, or turbo-propeller or turbo-jet engines. 
    		•

    Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
    Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the aircraft and its systems. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    The assessment shall be in respect of the aircraft provided for the assessment. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Aircraft systems are critically analysed in order to determine operating limitations. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Systems include but are not limited to navigation systems, environmental control systems, auto flight control system, flight management system, and engine management Systems.
  • Critically refers to but is not limited to the integrated analysis of aircraft systems.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Forces and moments that influence a multi-engine aircraft are analysed in order to establish their effect on phases of flight. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Forces and moments refer only to forces and moments that occur on a multi-engine aircraft after failure of one engine.
  • Phases of flight refer to but are not limited to take off, climb, cruise, descent, go around and landing.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Factors affecting control of an aircraft are evaluated in order to establish their effect on various phases of flight. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
  • Factors refer only to factors that influence a multi-engine aircraft after failure of one engine.
  • Factors include but are not limited to forces and moments, yaw, roll, pitch, aeroplane configuration, mass and position of the centre of gravity, aircraft design, control response and minimum control speeds.
     
    		•

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Influence of engine failure on aircraft performance during phases of flight is evaluated in terms of their consequences. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Consequences include but are not limited to, rate of climb, ceiling, range, endurance, speed, take-off and landing distances.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Normal and non-normal operations are discussed in terms of their impact on aircraft systems. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Operations include those reflected in the AFM/POH.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    The rationale for operating limitations of the aircraft are critically reviewed to ensure compliance. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Operating limits include those reflected in the AFM/POH.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
    Evaluate and confirm personal readiness for flight. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Self-readiness for flight is confirmed through compliance with regulatory requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Requirements include but are not limited to licence, medical status, recency of experience and currency of competence.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Human factors are identified and evaluated to determine their impact on personal readiness for flight. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Factors include but are not limited to fatigue, alcohol, narcotics and medication, scuba diving, personal stress and psychological well-being.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Organisational procedures are adhered to in the event of not being ready for flight duty. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
    Co-ordinate and plan for flight in multi-engine aircraft. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Commercial transportation of passengers and cargo by day and night under IMC and VMC. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Data from relevant sources are identified and interpreted for inclusion in planning. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Sources include but are not limited to the approved aircraft flight manual, tables and graphs and meteorological information.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Take-off performance is planned and calculated in accordance with legal and operational requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Requirements include but are not limited to required distances, declared distances, critical speeds, climb gradients, atmospheric conditions, weather conditions, RVR and visibility minima, aircraft mass, runway surface, airport lighting and markings, times of sunset and sunrise and take-off alternate aerodrome.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    En-route diversion options are planned and evaluated in accordance with legal and operational requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Requirements include but are not limited to engine inoperative ceiling, terrain clearance altitude, fuel requirements. diversion airports. decision points, weather, icing. oxygen and navigation facilities.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Landing performance is planned and evaluated in accordance with legal and operational requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Requirements include but are not limited to required distances, declared distances, critical speeds, climb gradients, atmospheric conditions, weather conditions, RVR and visibility minima, aircraft mass, runway surface, airport lighting and markings, times of sunset and sunrise and alternate aerodrome.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Go-around performance is planned and evaluated in accordance with legal and operational requirements. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Requirements include but are not limited to critical speeds, climb gradients, atmospheric conditions, weather conditions and aircraft mass.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 4 
    Analyse gathered information in order to complete required operational documents. 
    OUTCOME RANGE 
    Commercial and/or military transportation of passengers and cargo by day and night under IMC and VMC. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Pre-flight authorisation or requirements are confirmed for compliance with requirements and conditions. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Authorisation formalities are determined by the aircraft operator.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Flight details are recorded in accordance with regulations and operator's requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Aeroplane's serviceability is checked and evaluated for departure in accordance with operational requirements. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    Planning for the flight is modified in accordance with status of aircraft. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Post-flight documentation is completed in accordance with procedures. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Documentation and formalities are determined by the aircraft operator.
     

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 5 
    Co-ordinate and perform pre-and post flight inspection. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Documents required by the regulations are checked to ensure that they on board and valid. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    Safety and emergency equipment required by the regulations are checked to ensure that they on board and in working order. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    Internal and external checks are completed in accordance with the approved Aircraft Flight Manual /Pilot Operating Handbook. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The status of the aircraft and environment are evaluated to ensure that the aircraft is safe and serviceable for flight. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    Post flight inspection is conducted to identify and record defects. 

    SPECIFIC OUTCOME 6 
    Co-ordinate crew and passengers and prepare aircraft for planned flight. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERIA     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
    Safety checks are conducted prior to fuel delivery according to standard operating procedures. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
    The replenishment of an aircraft is managed using the Aircraft Flight Manual /Pilot Operating Handbook. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Replenishment includes but is not limited to checking the correct grade of fuel, quantity of fuel, fuel loading and distribution and quality of fuel.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
    The aircraft is positioned for start-up and taxi. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Positioning include but is not limited to clear taxi-path from start-up position, slipstream or jet blast will not cause inconvenience or damage to other aircraft, property, people and the immediate vicinity.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
    The securing of on-board equipment, crew and loads is monitored for flight. 

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
    The implementation of cabin safety measures is managed in line with prescribed standard operating procedures. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Safety measures include but are not limited to the use of seatbelts; smoking restrictions, use of PEDS and seating arrangements.
     

    ASSESSMENT CRITERION 6 
    Special passenger requests are considered and managed for flight operations. 
    ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
    Special requests include but are not limited to: Passengers with infants, unaccompanied minors, pregnant women, elderly, disabled and passengers with medical conditions.
     


    UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
  • Anyone assessing a learner or moderating the assessment of a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA in accordance with the current ETQA regulations.
  • Any institution offering learning that will enable the achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider with the relevant ETQA.
  • Other ETQA's who have a Memorandum of Understanding with the relevant ETQA would be responsible for moderation of learner achievements of learners who meet the requirements of this qualification. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
  • AFM/POH procedures for operating the aeroplane.
  • Aeroplane systems.
  • AFM/POH procedures for normal, non-normal and emergency situations that might occur during flight operations.
  • Air traffic control procedures.
  • Procedures specific to the airport being used.
  • Aircraft maintenance logs and documentation on-board.
  • Aircraft re-fuelling procedures.
  • Pre-flight inspections and "walk-around". 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identifying and solving problems in which responses display that responsible decisions using critical and creative thinking have been made when:
  • Planning and performing flights to achieve objectives within the constraints of the aeroplane limitations, operator and regulatory requirements. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO WORKING 
    Working effectively with others as a member of a team, group, organisation, and community during:
  • Acting as member of a crew.
  • Communicating with ATS and organising the flight in cognisance of other air traffic.
  • Establishing and maintaining an open communication environment conducive to good team work. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Organising and managing oneself and one's activities responsibly and effectively when:
  • Planning ahead.
  • Complying with applicable legislation.
  • Performing appropriate checks and procedures. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collecting, analysing, organising and critically evaluating information to better understand and explain:
  • Identifying symptoms of system malfunctions.
  • Identifying changes to the conditions and environment. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communicating effectively using visual, mathematical and/or language skills in the modes of oral and/or written persuasion when:
  • Radio and cockpit communication is in accordance with standard procedures and phraseology to ensure clarity and brevity of communication is achieved.
  • Establishing and maintaining an open communication environment conducive to good team work. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Using science and technology effectively and critically, showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others when:
  • Operation of the aeroplane and its systems in accordance with the AFM/POH.
  • Flying the aeroplane in such a way that tolerance accidences are kept to a minimum. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO DEMONSTRATING 
    Demonstrating an understanding of the world as a set of related systems by recognising that problem-solving contexts do not exist in isolation when:
  • A high level of situational awareness is maintained.
  • Airspace restrictions and requirements are adhered to.
  • Curfews, noise abatement procedures and other measures to minimise disturbance to the environment and the public are observed.
  • Safe flying practice is maintained. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
  • The assessor must hold a recognised relevant civil or military flying instructor certification as applicable to the stream of assessment.
  • The assessor must be competent in the outcomes of this unit standard. 
    		•

    REREGISTRATION HISTORY 
    As per the SAQA Board decision/s at that time, this unit standard was Reregistered in 2012; 2015. 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
  • Where the term "Cockpit Resource Management" is used it also means "Crew Resource Management" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "non-normal" is used it also means the term "abnormal" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "Captain" is used it also means "Commander" and vice-versa.
  • Where the term "Standard Operating Procedures" are used it also means "Operator Procedures" or "Operating Procedures" or vice versa.
  • The terms "airport" and "aerodrome" and "airfield" are used as synonyms where appropriate.
  • The information contained in this unit standard does not supersede any information contained in manufacturer's instructions or any law.
  • Assessment Guidelines:

    > Assessments shall be carried out with the learner acting as pilot flying in all phases of on assessment. The learner shall also demonstrate competence in pilot-not-flying duties.
    > The learner may choose either pilot seat for the assessment, but in either case will be assessed as pilot in command.
    > Use of distractions during practical assessment - Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. To strengthen this area of pilot training and evaluation, the assessor shall provide a realistic distraction during the practical test. This will give the assessor a positive opportunity to evaluate the learner's ability to divide attention both inside and outside the cockpit while maintaining safe flight.
    > Assessors must note that Standard Operating Procedures are used as guidance to harmonise and standardise training and a flight operation. Deviation from SOP's or omission of individual items occurs and should be allowed for during assessment if such deviation can be justified. Checklists however, contain critical items and must be followed. Thus deviation from a checklist should only be considered if the nature of an emergency or non-normality dictates such deviation as an appropriate behaviour.

    Definitions:
  • Airmanship
    The application of the principles of skill, proficiency and discipline. It includes but is not limited to: knowledge of equipment, knowledge of self, knowledge of the environment, risks associated with flight operations, appropriate situational awareness and judgment.
  • Situational Awareness
    The perception of the elements in the environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning, and the projection of their status in the near future.
  • Safe practice in flight operations
    Means a systematic and proactive process that minimises risks to aviation and the public whilst integrating flight operations, technical systems and resource management.

    Abbreviations
  • AFM: Aircraft Flight Manual
  • CAA: Civil Aviation Authority
  • CRM: Crew Resource Management (Cockpit Resource Management)
  • IMC: Instrument Meteorological Conditions
  • MAA: Military Aviation Authority
  • POH: Pilot Operating Handbook
  • SOP's: Standard Operating Procedures
  • RT: Radio Telephony
  • VMC: Visual Meteorological Conditions
  • PEDs: Portable Electronic Devices 
    		•

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Core  58008   National Diploma: Aircraft Piloting  Level 6  NQF Level 06  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Reregistered"     		 2016-12-31  TETA 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.