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SOUTH AFRICAN QUALIFICATIONS AUTHORITY 
REGISTERED UNIT STANDARD THAT HAS PASSED THE END DATE: 

Understand the fundamental process principles of screening and cleaning pulp suspensions 
SAQA US ID UNIT STANDARD TITLE
114257  Understand the fundamental process principles of screening and cleaning pulp suspensions 
ORIGINATOR
SGB Pulp and Paper 
PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QUALITY ASSURANCE FUNCTIONARY
-  
FIELD SUBFIELD
Field 06 - Manufacturing, Engineering and Technology Manufacturing and Assembly 
ABET BAND UNIT STANDARD TYPE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL CREDITS
Undefined  Regular  Level 3  NQF Level 03  10 
REGISTRATION STATUS REGISTRATION START DATE REGISTRATION END DATE SAQA DECISION NUMBER
Passed the End Date -
Status was "Registered" 		 2004-02-11  2007-02-11  SAQA 2152/04 
LAST DATE FOR ENROLMENT LAST DATE FOR ACHIEVEMENT
2008-02-11   2011-02-11  

In all of the tables in this document, both the pre-2009 NQF Level and the NQF Level is shown. In the text (purpose statements, qualification rules, etc), any references to NQF Levels are to the pre-2009 levels unless specifically stated otherwise.  

This unit standard is replaced by: 
US ID Unit Standard Title Pre-2009 NQF Level NQF Level Credits Replacement Status
246626  Understand the fundamental principles of screening and cleaning operations  Level 3  NQF Level 03  6   
256305  Understand the fundamental principles of screening and cleaning operations  Level 3  NQF Level 03  6   

PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD 
Qualifying learners will be able to understand the fundamental process principles of screening and cleaning pulp suspensions. 

LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING 
Learners attempting this unit standard are required to understand process descriptions, physical phenomena, biological processes, process equipment, interacting variables and product properties. It is therefore required that they are competent in basic scientific theory and are familiar with the operation of screening and cleaning of pulp suspensions. 

UNIT STANDARD RANGE 
This unit standard covers the understanding of removing contraries from pulp suspensions, and the use of cleaners [hydrocyclones] and screens. 

Specific Outcomes and Assessment Criteria: 

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 1 
Qualifying learners are able to discuss and explain typical contraries found in pulp suspensions. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
1. Small size, high-density contraries are identified and described and probable sources are discussed, explained and identified. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Sand, grit, metal filings.
 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
2. Large size, high-density contraries are identified and described and probable sources are discussed, explained and identified. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Nuts, bolts, stones.
 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
3. Small size, low-density contraries are identified and described and probable sources are discussed, explained and identified. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Coal particles, fine air dispersions, small light plastic pieces, wood splinters or shives etc.
 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
4. Large size, low-density contraries are identified and described and probable sources are discussed, explained and identified. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Large pieces of plastic, wood pieces.
 

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 2 
Qualifying learners are able to discuss and explain the fundamental operating principles. 
OUTCOME NOTES 
Qualifying learners are able to discuss and explain the fundamental operating principles of screens and screening systems and cleaners (hydrocyclones) and cleaning systems. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
1. The basic operating principles of a cleaner are discussed and explained. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Principles include design, differential pressure [velocity], stream relationship and effectiveness, differences for high and low density.
 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
2. The arrangement of systems of cleaners is discussed and explained and simple mass balances are calculated. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
3. The basic operating principles of a screen are discussed and explained. 
ASSESSMENT CRITERION RANGE 
Principles include design, screen size and type [shape], stream relationship and effectiveness.
 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
4. The arrangement of systems of screens is discussed and explained and simple mass balances are calculated. 

SPECIFIC OUTCOME 3 
Qualifying learners are able to determine what type of screen or cleaner to use. 
OUTCOME NOTES 
Qualifying learners are able to determine what type of screen or cleaner to use for the treatment of different contraries and discuss problems and environmental impacts associated with contraries. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 1 
1. Criteria for the selection of different systems for different contraries is discussed and explained. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 2 
2. Implications of having multiple contraries are discussed and explained and proposals to deal with complications are indicated. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 3 
3. Process problems, which are associated with the contraries, are discussed and explained and solutions to these problems are offered. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 4 
4. The discharge of contrary material is discussed and explained. 

ASSESSMENT CRITERION 5 
5. The environmental impact of the discharge of contrary material is discussed and explained. 


UNIT STANDARD ACCREDITATION AND MODERATION OPTIONS 
Anyone assessing a learner against this unit standard must be registered as an assessor with the relevant ETQA.
Any institution offering learning that will enable achievement of this unit standard must be accredited as a provider through the relevant ETQA by SAQA.
Moderation of assessment will be overseen by the relevant ETQA according to the moderation guidelines in the relevant qualification and the agreed ETQA procedures. 

UNIT STANDARD ESSENTIAL EMBEDDED KNOWLEDGE 
Things the learner knows and can explain:

Names, Functions and Locations of
  • Screen and cleaner types, and different configurations of installation
  • Different types of contrary material.

    Description, properties and characteristics of
  • Screen and cleaner types, and different configurations of installation
  • Different types of contrary material.

    The Purpose of the
  • Screening and cleaning of fibres

    Causes, effects and implications of
  • Incorrect operational procedures
  • Different sizes and densities of contraries
  • Different consistencies of operation

    Procedures and techniques of
  • Evaluating screen and cleaner effectiveness
  • Setting screen and cleaner system variables

    Regulations, legislation, agreements and policies related to:
  • Safety regulations pertaining to driven machinery

    Theory, principles, rules and laws
  • Particle size and shape
  • Settling kinetics
  • Gravitational force and centripetal force
  • Effect of consistency on viscosity of pulp suspensions
  • Efficiency versus reject rate for screens and cleaners and effects of particle size and density 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD LINKAGES 
    N/A 


    Critical Cross-field Outcomes (CCFO): 

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO IDENTIFYING 
    Identify and solve problems
  • Describe paper and pulp making process problems, which are associated with the contraries and propose solutions to these problems.
  • Describe the basic scientific theory behind the removal of contraries by screening and cleaning. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO ORGANISING 
    Organise and manage self and activities
  • Participate in life-long learning.
  • Develop analytic skills in managing process operations. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COLLECTING 
    Collect, analyse, organise and critically evaluate information
  • Use various sources of information pertaining to operation of cleaners and screens including basic scientific and engineering theory.
  • Correlate shape and density with removal technique. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO COMMUNICATING 
    Communicate effectively
  • Give written or oral descriptions pertaining to cleaning/screening systems and pulp contraries.
  • Respond to questions on cleaning/screening systems and pulp contraries.
  • Identify and solve problems with respect to the subject matter of the unit standard. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD CCFO SCIENCE 
    Use science and technology effectively and critically, showing responsibility towards the environment and health of others
  • Describe the environmental impacts of cleaning screening discharges.
  • Show how science and technology can be used to reduce the effect of screening and cleaning on the environment. 
    		•

    UNIT STANDARD ASSESSOR CRITERIA 
    N/A 

    UNIT STANDARD NOTES 
    This unit standard will be replaced by unit standard 256305, which is "Understand the fundamental principles of screening and cleaning operations", Level 3, 6 credits, as soon as 256305 is registered.

    This unit standard has been replaced by unit standard 246626, which is "Understand the fundamental principles of screening and cleaning operations", Level 3, 6 credits. 

    QUALIFICATIONS UTILISING THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
      ID QUALIFICATION TITLE PRE-2009 NQF LEVEL NQF LEVEL STATUS END DATE PRIMARY OR DELEGATED QA FUNCTIONARY
    Core  48643   Further Education and Training Certificate: Chemical Pulp Manufacturing  Level 4  NQF Level 04  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Registered"     		 2007-02-11  Was FPMSETA until Last Date for Achievement 
    Elective  48644   Further Education and Training Certificate: Paper, Board or Tissue Manufacturing  Level 4  NQF Level 04  Passed the End Date -
    Status was "Registered"     		 2007-02-11  Was FPMSETA until Last Date for Achievement 


    PROVIDERS CURRENTLY ACCREDITED TO OFFER THIS UNIT STANDARD: 
    This information shows the current accreditations (i.e. those not past their accreditation end dates), and is the most complete record available to SAQA as of today. Some Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionaries have a lag in their recording systems for provider accreditation, in turn leading to a lag in notifying SAQA of all the providers that they have accredited to offer qualifications and unit standards, as well as any extensions to accreditation end dates. The relevant Primary or Delegated Quality Assurance Functionary should be notified if a record appears to be missing from here.
     
    NONE 


    All qualifications and part qualifications registered on the National Qualifications Framework are public property. Thus the only payment that can be made for them is for service and reproduction. It is illegal to sell this material for profit. If the material is reproduced or quoted, the South African Qualifications Authority (SAQA) should be acknowledged as the source.